New EPA to Delay PFAS Compliance Until 2031: What This Means for Public Health and Water Systems

On May 14, 2025, the EPA announced plans to extend compliance deadlines for PFAS standards on PFOA and PFOS, moving the original 2029 deadline to 2031. The agency also intends to create a federal exemption framework for certain small and rural public water systems. In addition, the EPA stated it will rescind and reconsider the hazard index for several PFAS chemicals, including GenX, which studies in animals have linked to effects on the liver, kidneys, immune system, developmental health, and cancer risk. The proposed rule is expected in fall 2025, with a final rule anticipated in spring 2026.

How It Could Impact You and Your Community

Delaying the compliance timeline potentially prolongs exposure to toxic PFAS chemicals. Communities may face continued PFAS contamination during this two-year delay, leaving communities exposed until 2031 instead of 2029. PFAS chemicals have been linked to serious health risks including cancer, thyroid disease, immune system harm, and developmental issues in children. Rolling back and reconsidering additional PFAS regulations also creates regulatory uncertainty, slowing progress on reducing exposure and making it harder for communities to plan long-term protections.

The impact of this delay won’t be felt equally. Communities already facing high PFAS contamination, often those located near industrial sites, military bases, or landfills, are likely to bear the greatest burden while waiting for treatment systems to be installed. While the extended deadline and federal exemption framework may reduce immediate financial strain on smaller or rural water systems, it could also mean delayed access to safe drinking water, leaving many families concerned about fairness, health, and trust in their water supply.

Benefits for Smaller or Rural Water Systems

The EPA’s new PFAS OUTreach Initiative infrastructure funds may help offset costs, but smaller communities might still struggle with grant access and technical expertise. Public water systems, especially in smaller or rural areas, will have more time before they are required to remove PFOA and PFOS from drinking water. This additional time will provide room for these utilities to source affordable treatment options to ensure compliance.

We Understand Your Concerns.

While the EPA’s deadlines are being extended, Smith & Johnson recognizes the concerns many families face about PFAS exposure. If you believe your health or community has been impacted by contaminated water, our legal team is actively reviewing PFAS cases and can help you understand your options and whether you may have a claim.

Contact our office today to speak with someone who understands PFAS cases and is ready to help you take action.